Inspection and testing are an important support to ensure the operation of the national economy and the quality and technical basis that all parties in society rely on. It plays a basic guarantee, support, and guidance role in promoting product quality improvement, accelerating technological innovation, promoting industrial progress, and promoting economic transformation and upgrading. So, how can we improve the inspection and detection ability of enterprises?
1. Basic status and main problems of enterprise inspection and testing ability
Through the field visit and investigation of the enterprise, it is found that at present, the inspection personnel, inspection equipment, and inspection management ability of the enterprise have encountered new problems that need to be solved urgently.
The development of quality inspection management lags behind.
Most small and medium-sized enterprises are transformed from small family workshops. The operation and management have experienced a development process from non-standard to standard and from imperfect to perfect. Quality management has not been highly valued in many enterprises, and the control of product quality is still in the initial stage.
The inspection equipment is backward, the self-inspection ability is insufficient, and the hardware investment is seriously insufficient.
From the specific situation, most small and medium-sized enterprises have internal inspection rooms equipped with necessary testing equipment, but the utilization rate of many equipments is very low, and most of them are in the state of “hibernation”. The purchase of equipment is to meet the needs of certification and assessment. Once it passes the customs, it will be shelved. “Each batch of products should be self-checked and all kinds of records should be made. These are the affairs of large enterprises. It’s better to put this energy into the production line and get quick results.” This idea is more common in small and medium-sized enterprises. As we all know, most small and medium-sized enterprises are individual private enterprises, which have the advantages of flexible decision-making and fast market response, but at the same time, they also have the problems of lack of constraints, blindly catering to the market, and ignoring internal quality management.
The one-sided pursuit of benefit maximization and low level of inspection managers.
It is understandable that enterprises operate to create profits. However, some enterprises do not have inspection rooms and inspectors. Some enterprises have inspection rooms but do not carry out inspection work. Individual enterprises release defective or even unqualified products at will in order to supply goods on time and meet customers.
Many enterprises can not realize self-inspection because they do not have detection or experimental equipment, or the range or accuracy of the equipment can not meet the requirements of detection and experiment. More importantly, enterprises cannot adopt international standards and foreign advanced standards to improve product quality. Even if they have an inspection and testing equipment and adopt relatively high standards, they ignore the use of inspection and testing to control product quality very seriously, making the equipment and standards become “strong Facade” furnishings. Even if the inspection is limited to appearance, appearance, and size, and even no one can operate the inspection and testing equipment correctly. Then there is only re-entry control, ignoring process control. Often, the defects of one process are not found in time, resulting in the scrapping of the whole product, but greatly increasing the cost.
2. Reasons for problems in inspection and detection ability of enterprises
Poor quality control ability, unable to implement effective inspection and testing management.
The prominent manifestation is that the concept of quality is weak and the understanding is not comprehensive, thinking that only with low cost and fast output can we maximize profits. Output comes first and quality comes second. The level of inspection management is shallow, and the level of quality control is low. Simple returns and replacements are used to solve the problem of quality defects. In addition, the employees of some small and medium-sized enterprises have a poor cultural foundation, low quality, and no professional and technical training, which also directly leads to the obstruction of quality management channels, the formation of “medium obstruction” and the failure of management.
The failure to establish an effective quality assurance and management system.
The products of some enterprises are relatively simple. They directly use design drawings to organize production, with low technical content, no quality management, and control records, lack of system and procedure constraints, and simple quality control. In addition, the huge difference in the understanding of the quality system is also an important reason why the system cannot operate. Therefore, organized and targeted quality training and guidance are imminent.
There are misunderstandings in quality standards.
Many enterprises believe that the needs of customers are the standard, and no matter how good the products are, no one buys them, they are also waste products. This view confuses the concepts of market demand and quality standards, and unilaterally believes that organizing production according to market demand can not implement product standards, resulting in the situation of “non-compliance with standards and non-standard production”. Some small and medium-sized enterprises always follow others, with simple repetition and imitation, and lack innovation. Some enterprises know a little about standards and don’t think much of non-standard production.
3. Ideas and Countermeasures for improving the level of inspection and detection ability of enterprises
Improve quality awareness and strengthen guidance and training.
Build a talent cultivation system to help enterprises. Talent is the primary resource, and there is an extreme lack of quality talents in the whole society. It is suggested to learn from the experience of Japan, establish a multi-level and all-round quality vocational education system with the participation of schools, enterprises, and social organizations, cultivate high skilled “craftsman” talents and high-end quality talents, and formulate incentive policies for quality talents.
Training is essential. Carry out timely and targeted training for employees, and take the training as the welfare of employees rather than a burden. Improve production skills and quality awareness, and make the concept of quality deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Formulate a systematic and comprehensive training plan, adopt different training methods for employees at different stages, step by step and targeted, and solve the problem of low quality of employees in small and medium-sized enterprises.
Strengthen enterprise standardization management.
In view of the current vague understanding of some small and medium-sized enterprises on standardization work, strengthen guidance, truly give play to the ruling role of standards, and improve the applicability of products, processes, and services through the “standardization” process of standard formulation, release, and implementation.
Take enterprise standardization as the basic work of enterprise management, encourage enterprises to adopt international standards and foreign advanced standards, and formulate enterprise standards that are stricter than national standards. Only by mastering the standard voice can we take the lead, take the lead and remain invincible. On the one hand, actively formulate enterprise standardization strategy and plan the development focus of participating in national and international standardization activities in the future, so as to play a leading role for enterprises to participate in national and international standardization activities. On the other hand, we should actively compete for the right to speak and actively participate in the formulation of standards, especially in regional products. We should master the leading power in the formulation of local, industrial, and even national standards in this field. At the same time, we should actively carry out the construction of a standardized talent team, cultivate leading talents in standardization and improve the overall level of the standardized talent team through the organic combination of standardization work and technological development.
Establish an inspection and testing management system suitable for its own characteristics in combination with practice.
As an excellent quality management method, the ISO9000 quality system has been proved advanced by practice, but the implementation of the enterprise is uneven in quality. This cannot improve the quality management level of enterprises but become a burden. Therefore, enterprises should carry out quality management activities according to their own characteristics and establish a quality management system with their own characteristics, rather than blindly imitating the management mode of others. Only by obtaining valuable information from a large amount of quality information, doing it for our own use, and establishing an inspection and testing management mode consistent with our own situation, can we obtain benefits from the improvement of quality.